Background:
Development of atherosclerosis is accelerated in kidney transplant patients. Impaired metabolic pathways have complex effect on the arterial wall which can be measured by non-invasive techniques.We analysed the stiffness parameters of kidney transplant recipients during the perioperative period.

Material and Methods:
Seventeen successful primary kidney transplant patients with uneventful postoperative period (7 female, 10 male; 46.16 years±12.19 years) were involved in our short-term prospective longitudinal study. We analysed the correlation between non-invasively assessed stiffness parameters (pulse wave velocity (PWV), augmentation index (Aix), pulse pressure (PP)), Systolic and Diastolic Area Index (SAI, DAI), Diastolic Reflection Area (DRA) ankle-brachial index (ABI) and laboratory parameters (creatinine, glomerular filtration rate, urea, haemoglobin, C-reactive protein). Stiffness parameters were measured with a TensiomedTM Arteriograph. These parameters were assessed before the transplantation, 24 hours, 1 and 2 weeks after surgery under standard conditions

Result:
We found that creatinine (P= .0008), C-reactive protein (CRP) (P= .006) serum levels decreased, and glomerular filtration rate (GFR) increased significantly (P = .0005). We revealed that PWV (P = .0075) and AIx (P = .013) improved significantly. There was no significant change concerning SAI and DAI. DRA had sinigficant correlation with SAI and DAI. There was no significant change in case of ABI, PP and the other monitored parameters.

Conclusion:
Along with the available data in the literature, our findings suggest that kidney transplantation has a positive effect on the arterial function. Improvement can be detected non invasively with Aretriograph in the early postoperative period.